Friday, 3 January 2025

The Conservation Area in Beeley - Part 2

 
Beeley Brook at the Devonshire Arms
 
Over a distance of 500 metres, since leaving St. Anne’s church, I had encountered a wide range of agricultural buildings, attached farmhouses and cottages that varied in age from the mid C17 to the late C19 – all built with locally quarried Ashover Grit with stone slate from Beeley Moor for roofs. 
 
Continuing my walk around the Conservation Area in Beeley, starting at Brookside, the barn to the south of Pynot Cottage dates to the C18 and was built by the 5th Duke of Devonshire around the same time as the Dukes Barn. It is not not listed but, being built with gritstone with stone slate roofs, it adds to the character of Beeley and the Chatsworth Blue paint marks it out as a Chatsworth Estate property. 
 
A C17 barn on Brookside
 
Turning sharply to the west towards the centre of Beeley, I immediately came across a small bridge over Beeley Brook, which flows down from Beeley Moor to the River Derwent and forms an attractive feature in this part of the village. 
 
A bridge on Brookside
 
Noticing an old wooden gate leading to a public footpath, I followed this for a short distance past a small plantation that I thought might be the site of an old quarry in a small spur that is marked on the geological map as Ashover Grit, which is detached from the main outcrop.
 
A view of the Old Hall and Pynot Cottage
 
I couldn’t see any rock exposure anywhere but, from this vantage point, I had a good view of Pynot Cottage and the Old Hall. Continuing up the path to open ground, I took a few photographs for a panorama of Burnt Wood, which was where the quarries that suplied building stone for Beeley are located, before retracing my steps to Brookside.
 
A panoramic view of Burnt Wood
 
Beeley Brook runs alongside the road and I followed this down Brookside and passed a pair of semi-detached cottages on its north side that appear on the 1883 Ordnance Survey (OS) map, but which the map in the Conservation Area Appraisal marks as C17, C18 and C19 buildings.
 
Houses on Brookside

Just beyond these is the late C19 Brook House, an unlisted house with two ground floor bay windows that was built sometime between the publication of the first and second editions of the OS maps, which were surveyed in 1879 and 1897 respectively.
 
Brook House
 
A couple of houses have been built to the south side of Beeley Brook, but I didn’t take any note of these at the time and was more interested in the bridges that provide access to them. These include a modern bridge that is not much more than a concrete slab and a much older arched bridge that leads to an unlisted C18 house.
 
A bridge over Beeley Brook

Nos. 1 and 2 Brookside Cottages were designed by G.H. Stokes, who was articled to Sir George Gilbert Scott before joining the architectural design team at the Chatsworth Estate in 1847 and going on to marry Joseph Paxton’s daughter.
 
Nos. 1 and 2 Brookside Cottages
 
Next to these is the mid C19 The Square, which is also by G.H. Stokes and has a Y-shaped plan. Much of Beeley’s architectural interest is derived from the organic development of the buildings, but this is more reminiscent of those seen in the model village of Edensor and Pilsley.
 
The Square
 
On the opposite side of the road is the Devonshire Arms, which was converted in the mid C18 from three dwellings to a coach-house to serve the turnpike routes. Beeley Brook is culverted here and Brookside opens out to form Devonshire Square, where it meets with Chapel Hill.
 
The Devonshire Arms
 
The Grade II Listed C18 old post office and Holmes Cottage to the west, which are listed for their group value, occupy the other side of Devonshire Square. I took a few general record photos of these and the adjoining Devonshire Cottage, before taking a short walk up Chapel Hill.
 
The old post office and adjoining buildings
 
There are no listed buildings here but the Old Smithy and the former Wesleyan Methodist Chapel (1890), which replaced an older chapel that was built further down the hill, are of local historic interest. Another building with Chatsworth Blue paint and an estate design that caught my eye was a building that is named School House, but it is not marked on any maps or referred to in any documentation that I have seen. 
 
Various buildings on Chapel Hill

The last building on my list for the British Listed Buildings Photo Challenge for Beeley was the late C18 Fold Cottage, which I photographed from the Devonshire Arms car park and from the entrance to the property on Chesterfield Road.
 
Views of Fold Cottage
 
I didn’t venture any further along Chesterfield Road but, except for the village hall on School Lane, these were the only C20 buildings that I had seen on my walk around Beeley, with Nos. 1-4 apparently being built at the end of the 1940s - as ‘Homes for Heroes’ on land given to the Local Authority by the Duke of Devonshire.
 
Nos. 1-4 Chesterfield Road
 

Since alighting from the No. 218 bus in Edensor, I had taken photographed several historic buildings in the village, revisited St. Peter’s church, walked through Chatsworth Park to Beeley, where I had also taken a good look at St. Anne’s church – all in 3½ hours without taking a break.
 
The bus stop in Beeley
 
Although it was more than an hour until the next No. 160 bus was due, I went to find the bus stop and was very surprised to see the wonderful bee friendly construction. With the sun starting to shine on what had been a generally cloudy day, it was tempting to spend an hour in the beer garden of the Devonshire Arms, but I settled for a quick pint of Chatsworth Gold before walking back to Chatsworth House. 
 
A pint of Chatsworth Gold
 

Thursday, 2 January 2025

The Conservation Area in Beeley - Part 1

 
Norman House on School Lane

There are 14 listed buildings in the village of Beeley – all of which fall within Beeley Conservation Area, to the west of the junction of School Lane and Brookside – and having had a good look at the exterior and interior of the first of these, the Grade II* Listed St. Anne’s church, I set off to explore this part of the village. 
 
The listed buildings in Beeley Conservation Area
 
Opposite the church on Church Lane is the Grade II listed Dorset House (1856) and coach house, the Gothic style former vicarage that is said to be by G.H. Stokes, a pupil of Sir George Gilbert Scott who worked for the Chatsworth Estate, married Joseph Paxton’s daughter and is buried at St. Peter’s church in Edensor. 

Dorset House

The village is set above the floodplain of the River Derwent on the mudstone/siltstone of the Bowland Shale Formation, with land rising up to an elevation of 354 metres to the east, where the Chatsworth Grit forms an escarpment that is a geological continuation of the moorland to the north, where it forms distinctive gritstone edges. 
 
The Ashover Grit, from Burnt Wood and Limetree, has been quarried since at least the C17 for building stone and grindstones and has been used for all the buildings in the village, although thinly bedded sandstone used for flagstones and presumably stone slates had been previously been quarried from Beeley Moor. 
 
Various buildings on Pig Lane
 
Taking a quick look at Pig Lane, which used to be the principal packhorse route to Chatsworth House, the agrarian nature, including the pigsties, is very evident in the buildings – none of which are listed but are built with gritstone with stone slate roofs. 
 
The 1898 Ordnance Survey map of Beeley
 
Beeley is recorded in Domesday Book, with the lord of the manor being King William himself, and agriculture has traditionally been the principal occupation, with farmers having secondary interests in small scale quarrying, coal mining and lead smelting, with cottage industries such as weaving at the end of the C18. 
 
Various buildings on School Lane

Returning to School Lane, some of the houses and cottages appear on the 1814 Chatsworth Estate Map and, by the time the 1898 edition of the 1:25,000 scale Ordnance Map was published, the extent of the village that we see today was pretty much established. Someof these are now in private wnership but, where the building is still retained by the Chatsworth Estate, the distinctive ‘Chatsworth Blue’ paint is used for the woodwork. 
 
Beeley village hall
 
Continuing past the small triangular green at the junction with Chapel Hill, the timber clad village hall (1925) is eye catching, not least because its design and materials, which do not conform with the local vernacular architecture, would probaby not be approved for any Conservation Area or National Park today. 
 
The Cottage
 
From its grounds, I took a photo of The Cottage, which dates to the C17, is built in coursed rubble gritstone with a stone slate roof and has rather small mullioned windows. From here, I got as close as I could to the Dukes Barn (1791), which was enlarged by the 5th Duke of Devonshire and at one time was used to stable the work-horses and store drays. 
 
Views of the Dukes Barn

The Grade II Listed Old School (1841), which is now two cottages, is the work of Paxton and, according to the very informative and comprehensive Conservation Area Appraisal, is an adaptation in a Gardenesque style that is contemporary with the building of Edensor. 
 
The Old School
 
Opposite the Old School is a very large and impressive C18 barn, now converted to residential use, with an open hay barn at the west end that has very tall square stone piers, which Historic England describe as being stepped in three tiers.
 
Views of the barn on School Lane
 
A little further down School Lane, the Grade II Listed Norman House – a C17 and C19 house, cottage and barn – was on my next building on my list to photograph. The mullion windowed gable end faces the street and to the rear of the building is a long narrow croft, which suggests that that the property may have been laid out on a burgage plot and therefore possibly has earlier origins. 
 
Views of Norman House
 
Laid out on at the east end of the School Lane elevation are six stone slabs, two with holes, that are the components of the village stocks, which were moved in 1946, probably from the small village green mentioned above. 
 
Stone slabs from the old village stocks

On the opposite side of the road is the Old Hall, which has a high garden wall and I could only get glimpses of it from various viewpoints as I continued my walk around the village. The oldest part of the house is probably mid C17, but the Derbyshire Historic Environment Record entry presumes that it stands on the site of the original capital messuage of the de Beeley family, who held the manor between the C13 and mid C14. 
 
Views of the Old Hall
 
A small part of the boundary wall had partly collapsed and, taking advantage of this opportunity, I obtained a small piece of gritstone, which is probably Ashover Grit, to add to my rock collection. Looking at it with a hand lens, it is uniformly medium grained and has discernable bedding planes with occasional very small flakes of muscovite mica. 
 
A specimen of medium grained gritstone
 
Continuing down the hill, Historic England dates Pynot Cottage as being probably C17 and C18, with the principal elevation fronting School Lane having small 2-light mullioned windows. I just took a couple of general record photos, before turning down Brookside.
 
Pynot Cottage